IndicatorTURTurkiyeEurope & Central Asia
Governance
Civil liberties index (V-Dem)0-1Our World in Data0.4rank #114Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Control of Corruption0-100 percentileWorld Bank (WGI)37.4rank #130Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Deliberative democracy index (V-Dem)0-1Our World in Data0.08rank #135Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Egalitarian democracy index (V-Dem)0-1Our World in Data0.21rank #106Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Freedom of expression index (V-Dem)0-1Our World in Data0.18rank #127Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Government Effectiveness0-100 percentileWorld Bank (WGI)52.9rank #106Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Human rights index (V-Dem)0-1Our World in Data0.4rank #114Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Military spending% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)1.9%rank #65Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Participatory democracy index (V-Dem)0-1Our World in Data0.17rank #108Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Political Stability & Absence of Violence0-100 percentileWorld Bank (WGI)50.2rank #174Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Regulatory Quality0-100 percentileWorld Bank (WGI)52.5rank #108Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Rule of Law0-100 percentileWorld Bank (WGI)45.2rank #153Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Rule of law index (V-Dem)0-1Our World in Data0.16rank #133Data 2025 · Status unspecified
V-Dem electoral democracy0-1Our World in Data0.29rank #103Data 2025 · Status unspecified
V-Dem liberal democracy0-1Our World in Data0.11rank #126Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Voice & Accountability0-100 percentileWorld Bank (WGI)37.3rank #156Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Women in parliament% seatsWorld Bank (WDI)19.9%rank #113Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Women's political empowerment index (V-Dem)0-1Our World in Data0.56rank #114Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Economy
Agricultural employment% employmentWorld Bank (WDI)14.2%rank #92Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Agriculture value added% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)5.2%rank #88Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Annual working hours per workerhoursOur World in Data1,747.5rank #87Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Capital stock per worker2017 US$ per workerPenn World Table344,827.1rank #38Data 2019 · Status unspecified
Current account balance% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)-1.9%rank #76Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Employment-to-population ratio%ILOSTAT49.8%rank #140Data 2026 · Status unspecified
External debt stocks% GNIWorld Bank (WDI)39.4%rank #48Data 2024 · Status unspecified
FDI net inflows% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)0.81%rank #143Data 2025 · Status unspecified
GDPcurrent US$World Bank (WDI)1.6Trank #16Data 2025 · Status unspecified
GDP growth%World Bank (WDI)3.6%rank #84Data 2025 · Status unspecified
GDP per capita (nominal)current US$World Bank (WDI)18,599.4rank #61Data 2025 · Status unspecified
GDP per capita, PPP2021 intl $World Bank (WDI)37,300.7rank #53Data 2025 · Status unspecified
GNI per capita (PPP)2021 intl $UNDP (HDRO)34,507rank #52Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Government expenditure% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)33%rank #33Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Gross capital formation% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)31.7%rank #14Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Gross savings% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)29.9%rank #21Data 2025 · Status unspecified
High-technology exports% manuf. exportsWorld Bank (WDI)5.1%rank #83Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Human capital indexindexPenn World Table2.5rank #95Data 2019 · Status unspecified
Industry value added% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)24%rank #85Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Inflation%World Bank (WDI)34.9%rank #168Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Labour force participation rate%ILOSTAT54.5%rank #140Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Personal remittances received% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)0.05%rank #123Data 2025 · Status unspecified
R&D expenditure% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)1.4%rank #29Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Researchers in R&Dper millionWorld Bank (WDI)2,644.7rank #32Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Tax revenue% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)17.6%rank #51Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Total factor productivity (current PPPs, USA=1)index (USA=1)Penn World Table0.89rank #16Data 2019 · Status unspecified
Trade openness% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)49.9%rank #105Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Unemployment% labor forceWorld Bank (WDI)8.5%rank #136Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Unemployment rate (ILO modelled)%ILOSTAT8.6%rank #137Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Vulnerable employment% employmentWorld Bank (WDI)23.9%rank #79Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Youth unemployment% ages 15-24World Bank (WDI)16%rank #115Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Youth unemployment rate (ILO modelled)% ages 15-24ILOSTAT16.2%rank #117Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Trade
Exports of goods & services% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)24.8%rank #97Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Imports of goods & services% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)25.1%rank #111Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Merchandise exportscurrent US$World Bank (WDI)273.36Brank #30Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Merchandise importscurrent US$World Bank (WDI)365.37Brank #21Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Health
Basic drinking water access% popWorld Bank (WDI)96%rank #83Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Basic sanitation access% popWorld Bank (WDI)99.3%rank #29Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Child mortalityper 100Our World in Data0.96rank #46Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Daily caloric supply per capitakcalOur World in Data3,892.2rank #4Data 2023 · Status unspecified
DTP3 immunization coverage%UNICEF99%rank #1Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Health spending% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)4.3%rank #147Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Infant mortalityper 1k birthsWorld Bank (WDI)8rank #41Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Life expectancyyearsWorld Bank (WDI)77.4rank #83Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Maternal mortalityper 100kWorld Bank (WDI)15rank #15Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Measles immunization% childrenWorld Bank (WDI)95%rank #5Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Measles (MCV1) immunization coverage%UNICEF95%rank #5Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Overweight prevalence (under 5)%UNICEF8.1%rank #34Data 2018 · Status unspecified
Physiciansper 1kWorld Bank (WDI)2.2rank #63Data 2022 · Status unspecified
PM2.5 air pollution exposureug/m3World Bank (WDI)26.4rank #142Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Road traffic deathsper 100kWorld Bank (WDI)6.7rank #24Data 2019 · Status unspecified
Smoking prevalence% adultsWorld Bank (WDI)31.1%rank #115Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Stunting prevalence (under 5)%UNICEF6%rank #6Data 2018 · Status unspecified
Suicide mortality rateper 100kWorld Bank (WDI)2.7rank #24Data 2021 · Status unspecified
Tuberculosis incidenceper 100kWorld Bank (WDI)13rank #48Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Under-5 mortality rateper 1k birthsUNICEF9.6rank #73Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Undernourishment% popWorld Bank (WDI)2.5%rank #1Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Wasting prevalence (under 5)%UNICEF1.7%rank #9Data 2018 · Status unspecified
Education
Adult literacy%World Bank (WDI)97.3%rank #10Data 2021 · Status unspecified
Education spending% GDPWorld Bank (WDI)3.1%rank #117Data 2022 · Status unspecified
Expected years of schoolingyearsUNDP (HDRO)19.8rank #4Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Mean years of schoolingyearsUNDP (HDRO)9rank #109Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Primary completion rate% relevant ageWorld Bank (WDI)90.6%rank #96Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Primary enrollment% grossWorld Bank (WDI)102.4%rank #57Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Secondary enrollment% grossWorld Bank (WDI)118.4%rank #14Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Tertiary enrollment% grossWorld Bank (WDI)105.9%rank #7Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Demography
Crude birth rateper 1,000World Bank (WDI)11rank #135Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Fertility ratebirths/womanWorld Bank (WDI)1.5rank #153Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Median age of populationyearsUN WPP32.5rank #100Data 2023 · Estimate
Net migration rateper 1,000UN WPP-3.6rank #175Data 2023 · Estimate
PopulationpeopleWorld Bank (WDI)85.88Mrank #18Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Population growth%World Bank (WDI)0.42%rank #147Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Projected life expectancy in 2050 (medium)yearsUN WPP82.5rank #67Data 2050 · Projection / forecast
Projected population in 2050 (medium)thousandsUN WPP91,258.1rank #19Data 2050 · Projection / forecast
Total age dependency ratioper 100 working-ageUN WPP46.7rank #168Data 2023 · Estimate
Urban population%World Bank (WDI)89.5%rank #21Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Climate
CO₂ emissionstOur World in Data513.03Mrank #12Data 2024 · Status unspecified
CO₂ per capitatOur World in Data5.9rank #52Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Electricity access% popWorld Bank (WDI)100%rank #1Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Electricity from coal% generationEmber34.3%rank #45Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Electricity from hydro% generationEmber16.2%rank #40Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Electricity from solar% generationEmber10.5%rank #30Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Electricity from wind% generationEmber11.1%rank #28Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Electric power consumptionkWh per capitaWorld Bank (WDI)3,872.9rank #35Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Forest area% landWorld Bank (WDI)29.5%rank #113Data 2024 · Status unspecified
GHG emissions per capitatCO2e per capitaClimate Watch6.1rank #120Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Power-sector CO2 intensitygCO2/kWhEmber475.7rank #57Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Renewable electricity%Our World in Data43.3%rank #40Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Renewable energy share%World Bank (WDI)12%rank #123Data 2021 · Status unspecified
Total GHG emissions incl. LULUCFMtCO2eClimate Watch523rank #175Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Energy
Electricity access, rural% rural popWorld Bank (WDI)100%rank #1Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Electricity access, urban% urban popWorld Bank (WDI)100%rank #1Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Electricity from coal% of outputWorld Bank (WDI)33.4%rank #29Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Energy use per capitakg oil eq.World Bank (WDI)1,935.8rank #59Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Environment
Capture fisheries productiontonnesWorld Bank (WDI)355,994.5rank #46Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Freshwater withdrawals% internal resourcesWorld Bank (WDI)28.4%rank #129Data 2022 · Status unspecified
Terrestrial protected areas% land areaWorld Bank (WDI)7%rank #135Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Agriculture
Agricultural land% land areaWorld Bank (WDI)50.2%rank #59Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Aquaculture productiontonnesWorld Bank (WDI)577,124rank #18Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Cereal yieldkg per hectareWorld Bank (WDI)3,428.7rank #86Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Food production index2014-16 = 100World Bank (WDI)133.4rank #28Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Technology
Fixed telephone subscriptionsper 100 peopleWorld Bank (WDI)10.3rank #76Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Mobile subscriptionsper 100 peopleWorld Bank (WDI)107.8rank #106Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Secure internet serversper 1M peopleWorld Bank (WDI)11,103.4rank #59Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Society
Asylum seekerspeopleUNHCR117,576rank #163Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Extreme poverty% popWorld Bank (WDI)0.2%rank #3Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Female labor participation%World Bank (WDI)37.1%rank #157Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Fixed broadband subscriptionsper 100World Bank (WDI)23.4rank #69Data 2024 · Status unspecified
Gender Development IndexratioUNDP (HDRO)0.94rank #70Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Gender Inequality Index0-1UNDP (HDRO)0.23rank #54Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Gini indexindexWorld Bank (WDI)43.7rank #44Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Homicide rateper 100kWorld Bank (WDI)3.2rank #50Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Human Development Index0-1UNDP (HDRO)0.85rank #40Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Inequality-adjusted HDI0-1UNDP (HDRO)0.71rank #49Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Internet users% popWorld Bank (WDI)89.8%rank #9Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Life satisfaction0-10Our World in Data5.3rank #91Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Planetary pressures-adjusted HDI0-1UNDP (HDRO)0.73rank #35Data 2023 · Status unspecified
Poverty gap at $2.15/dayproportion (0-1)World Bank (PIP)0rank #22Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Poverty headcount at $2.15/dayproportion (0-1)World Bank (PIP)0rank #7Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Poverty headcount at $3.65/dayproportion (0-1)World Bank (PIP)0rank #26Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Poverty headcount at $6.85/dayproportion (0-1)World Bank (PIP)0.01rank #48Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Refugees hosted (by country of asylum)peopleUNHCR2.39Mrank #2Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Refugees originating (by country of origin)peopleUNHCR149,405rank #155Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Youth NEET rate%ILOSTAT23.2%rank #118Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Risk
Battle-related deaths (state-based)deaths/yearUCDP10rank #6Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Deaths in armed conflictsdeathsOur World in Data1rank #2Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Hazard & exposure0-10EC JRC (INFORM)7.8rank #65Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Human hazard & exposure0-10EC JRC (INFORM)9.2rank #64Data 2026 · Status unspecified
INFORM risk score0-10EC JRC (INFORM)5.4rank #44Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Lack of coping capacity0-10EC JRC (INFORM)4.3rank #33Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Lack of infrastructure coping capacity0-10EC JRC (INFORM)2.1rank #18Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Lack of institutional coping capacity0-10EC JRC (INFORM)5.9rank #41Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Natural hazard & exposure0-10EC JRC (INFORM)5.4rank #41Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Organized-violence deaths (total)deaths/yearUCDP11rank #9Data 2025 · Status unspecified
Socio-economic vulnerability0-10EC JRC (INFORM)2rank #20Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Vulnerability0-10EC JRC (INFORM)4.6rank #35Data 2026 · Status unspecified
Vulnerable groups0-10EC JRC (INFORM)6.5rank #56Data 2026 · Status unspecified